The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented supply-and-demand shocks, not only increasing the uncertainty of the economic outlook, but also affecting the financial and operational capacity of manufacturing and supply systems. From lower cash reserves and higher administrative costs to capital disruption and lack of traditional sources of financing, in addition to a confluence of economic, social, technological and environmental megatrends, organizations have been forced to reassess their long-term strategies to better prepare for and respond to similar shocks in the future. Leaders are now building on what they have learned from recent experience to make investments that enable them to anticipate and navigate future disruption that may affect global value chains.

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